Pushing the boundaries of FLASH irradiation: We are investigating neutron exposure to ensure the next generation of particle therapy is as safe as it is effective.

Challenge

FLASH irradiation is a promising method for significantly sparing healthy tissue during high-energy ionising radiation treatment. However, when using protons or carbon ions, fragmentation produces neutrons. Due to their high biological effectiveness, these neutrons pose a non-negligible risk of secondary malignancies. Furthermore, the extent of neutron exposure associated with bolus materials remains unclear for clinical use.

Scientific Approach

The project combines experimental measurements with Monte Carlo simulations. Local neutron dose distributions and energy spectra are measured using thermoluminescence dosimetry and novel scintillation detectors. These data serve as a benchmark for simulations to reliably determine neutron exposure during FLASH irradiation.

Objectives and Impact

The aim is the Monte Carlo-based and experimental determination of neutron contamination, alongside the further development of neutron measurement technology. This approach enables the optimisation of safety and effectiveness in FLASH irradiation, providing essential insights for future clinical development.